right; right-hand side; afore-mentioned (esp. in vertical Japanese writing); foregoing; forgoing
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
black; black go stone; guilt; guilty person
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
by no means; never!; something unexpected; emergency; (arch.) currently; (arch.) for the time being
inside; interior; among; within; middle; center; during
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
indicates word or phrase being defined; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); with; (not) as much as; (not) so much as; the fact that
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
in order to (e.g. meet goal); so that; take care (so as); hoping or wishing for something
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to discover; to find (e.g. an error in a book); to locate; to find (e.g. something missing); to be used to seeing; to be familiar with
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to nod; to bow one's head in assent; to agree
location (of something); whereabouts; hiding place
even; (if) only; just; besides; on top of that
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
there (place relatively near listener); there (place just mentioned); that place; then (of some incident just spoken of); that (of point just raised); (arch.) you
to dedicate; to make an offering; to supply; to store; to finish; to bring to a close; to restore (something to its place)
and; besides; because; since; the thing is; for one thing
iron (Fe); strong and hard (as iron); railway; railway enthusiast
to obtain; to come into possession of; to get hold of; to get one's hands on
just like; (virtually) no different from; (almost) the same as; as good as (e.g. dead, settled)
one swing; one shake (e.g. of pepper); one sword
counter for small animals; counter for rolls of cloth (two han in size); (arch.) counter for horses; roll of cloth
ghost; apparition; phantom; spectre; specter; demon
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to mow down; to cut down; to knock down; to defeat; to beat
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
Mr.; Mrs.; makes a word more polite (usu. in fixed expressions); state; situation
that kind of; that way; that move; that trick; that game
honorific/polite/humble prefix
please (give me); please (do for me)
if; in case; as for; on the topic of; if that's the case; if so
to come out; to fall out; to fade; to discolour; to wear a hole (e.g. clothes); to leave (e.g. a meeting); to be clear
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to say; to be called; to do
endorsing and questioning the preceding statement; lamenting reflections on the preceding statement
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
sword (esp. Japanese single-edged); katana; scalpel; chisel; burin; knife money (knife-shaped commodity money used in ancient China)
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding