sorry; excuse me; thank you
abruptly; suddenly; all of a sudden; without warning
to call (someone) to (the door, phone, etc.); to tell (someone) to come; to call up (on the phone); to invoke (e.g. a subroutine); to call; to open (e.g. a file)
oh!; good heavens!; ugh!; oh no!; ah!; the penny drops!
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
what do you want?; can I help you?
that's the way it is; yes; is that so?; is it?
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
as a matter of fact; by the way; to tell you the truth; to be honest; frankly; actually
older brother; elder brother; young man; buddy; fella
honorific/polite/humble prefix; honorific suffix
consultation; discussion; discussing; asking (someone) for advice
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen; to come about
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
if; in case; as for; on the topic of; if that's the case; if so
any; anything; whatever; I am told; I hear; I understand
to be delighted; to be glad; to congratulate; to welcome (a proposal, advice, etc.); to take kindly to; to do with pleasure
seems; I think; I guess; right?; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
in the first place; to begin with; after all; anyway; beginning; start
junior high school student; middle school pupil
to receive; to take; to get someone to do something; to have in one's pocket (a fight, match); to contract (a disease); to catch
happy; glad; pleased; joyful; delightful; gratifying
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to hear; to listen (e.g. to music); to ask; to enquire; to hear about; to hear of; to follow (advice, order, etc.)
you; before (a god, nobleman, etc.); in front of
direction; way; side (of an argument, etc.); one's part; type; category; field (of study, etc.)
detailed; full; minute; knowing very well; knowledgeable (about); well-acquainted (with)
after all; because; but; even; too; as well
well, ...; right, ...; so; then; that way (would mean ...); if that is the case
number one; first; best; most; game; round
wanting (to have); desiring; wishing for; I want (you, them, etc.) to (do)
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
what?!; what did you say?!; why?; what for?; anyone; anything
myself; yourself; I; me; you
hobby; pastime; tastes; preference; liking
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; 's; of
isn't it?; let's ...; why don't we ...; how about we ...
you said; he said; even if; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...