Later Han dynasty (China, 25-220 CE); Eastern Han dynasty; Later Han dynasty (China, 947-950 CE)
charge; cost; generation; age; era; a representative of; on behalf of
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
death (of an emperor); demise
behind; rear; after; later; remainder; the rest; more (e.g. five more minutes)
time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
(political) power; authority; influence
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
hand; arm; forepaw; foreleg; handle; hand; worker
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to move (house); to transfer (department); to change the target of interest or concern; to elapse (passage of time); to be permeated by a colour or scent; to be infected
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to plan; to plot; to attempt (e.g. suicide, murder); to undertake (e.g. business); (arch.) to stand on tip-toes
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
adopted child (usu. male); son-in-law
counterattack; counteroffensive; counterblow
to meet; to encounter; to see; to have an accident; to have a bad experience
failure; mistake; blunder
style; manner; way; after (period of time) again (e.g. meeting again after a year); for the first time in (period of time)
wonder; admiration; being struck with admiration
red; crimson; red-containing colour (e.g. brown, pink, orange); Red (i.e. communist); red light (traffic); red ink (i.e. in finance or proof-reading); (in) the red
to give (as a gift); to present; to confer; to bestow; to award
to betray; to turn traitor to; to double-cross
to bring along; to accompany
adds force or indicates command
trouble (I have put you through); (your) hard work; thank you for your hard work; I appreciate your efforts
to be loyal to; to serve; to offer allegiance
opinion; intention; thought
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
to request; to beg; to call; to order; to entrust to; to rely on
strength of a thousand men; cloth with the character for "strength" written by a thousand men (soldier's charm)
no; nay; well; er; you're welcome; not at all