head; chief; merit; strong point; superiority; major
cheap; rash; thoughtless; careless
relocation of the capital; transfer of the capital
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
power; might; authority; spirits; vigor; vigour
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
emperor (of Japan); mikado
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to endure; to keep out (e.g. rain); to pull through; to get over; to surpass; to outdo
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
style; manner; way; after (period of time) again (e.g. meeting again after a year); for the first time in (period of time)
crafty; vicious; unscrupulous; sharp
staff officer; military staff; adviser; counselor; counsellor
role; assignment; position (of responsibility); post; part (in a play, film, etc.); role
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to boast of; to be proud of; to take pride in
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to save; to rescue; to help; to assist; to support (financially); to contribute (to)
violent; furious; extreme; intense; fervent; vehement
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
one (esp. of two); the other; on the one hand; on the other hand; whereas; although
now; the present time; just now; another; more
such things as ...; and ... and; the minute (that) ...; no sooner than ...; be; is; o
fear; dread; dismay; terror; horror; scare
Saturday; earth; dirt; land; lands; earth (third of the five elements)
to cover fully; to wrap around
you (people); gentlemen; ladies and gentlemen; my friends
entertainment (at a party); amusement; fun; trick
one; for one thing; only; (not) even; just (e.g. "just try it"); some kind of; one type of
interesting; fascinating; amusing; funny; enjoyable; fun
talk; speech; topic; subject; discussions; negotiation; rumor
honorific/polite/humble prefix
to hear; to listen (e.g. to music); to ask; to enquire; to hear about; to hear of; to follow (advice, order, etc.)
district; county; district (of 2-20 50-home neighbourhoods or townships, in the ritsuryo period)
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
thorny shrub; wild rose; briar; thorn; cusp
state (US, Australia, India, Germany, etc.); province (e.g. Canada); continent; (arch.) dear
to be defeated; to be beaten; to be unsuccessful; to lose
stone; jewel; precious stone; flint (in a lighter); stone (in go); stone (in the bladder, kidney etc.); calculus