indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
honorific/polite/humble prefix
yes; that is correct; understood; I see; present; here; pardon?
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
daughter; girl (i.e. a young, unmarried woman)
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
from the standpoint of; as a matter of (e.g. fact); aboard (a ship or vehicle); on top of; first volume (e.g. book); superior quality; best
prime minister (in ancient China)
to be (animate); to be; to be ..ing; to (have the audacity to) do
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
no; nay; well; er; you're welcome; not at all
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
female; woman; female sex; female lover; girlfriend; mistress
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
truth; reality; proper; right; genuine; authentic
honorific/polite/humble prefix; honorific suffix
to receive; to get; to eat; to drink; to be crowned with; to wear (on one's head)
United Kingdom; Britain; English (language)
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
adds force or indicates command
man; male; fellow; guy; male lover; boyfriend
please; kindly; by all means; certainly; here you are; to give