commercial paper; CP; communist party; CP; cerebral palsy; cerebral paralysis; counterpurchase
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
high efficiency; high performance
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
recommendation; advice; suggestion; encouragement
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
memory; memory; recollection; remembrance
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
least; lowest; worst; awful; horrible; at the very least
giga-; 10^9; gigabyte; GB; data traffic (esp. on mobile phone)
necessary; needed; essential; necessity; need; requirement
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
enough; sufficient; sufficiently; fully; division into ten
huh?; eh?; what?; oh; hey!; look!
now; the present time; just now; another; more
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
to go into; to come into; to penetrate; to become complicated
coincidence; chance; by chance; unexpectedly; contingency
such things as ...; and ... and; the minute (that) ...; no sooner than ...; be; is; o
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
this sort of; this kind of; like this; such
place; spot; address; district; area; one's house; point
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
lonely; lonesome; solitary; desolate
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
seems; I think; I guess; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
oh!; good heavens!; ugh!; oh no!; ah!; the penny drops!
something like ...; things like ...; someone like ...; the likes of ...
to be shy; to be bashful; to feel awkward; to feel embarrassed
somewhere; anywhere; in some respects
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
you; presence (of a god, nobleman, etc.)
this way; this direction; here; this (one); I; me
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
speech; words; one's lines; remarks
rest; recess; vacation; holiday; dormancy (of a silkworm prior to moulting)