method; manner; appearance; air; tendency; folk song (genre of the Shi Jing)
China; Han dynasty (China, 202 BCE-220 CE); Han (majority Chinese ethnic group); man
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
to wait; to await; to look forward to; to depend on; to need
endorsing and questioning the preceding statement; lamenting reflections on the preceding statement
in front (of); before (e.g. a building); before; earlier; (the) front; frontal part; forward
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
aimlessly; by chance; accidentally; casually; suddenly; unexpectedly
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
guest; visitor; customer; client; counter for containers used to entertain guests
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
room; chamber; apartment; flat; stable
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
mountain; hill; mine (e.g. coal mine); heap; pile; crown (of a hat); thread (of a screw)
to be seen; to be in sight; to look; to seem; to come
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
that sort of; that kind of; like that; such; so
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
things like; something like; someone like; such a thing as; (the fact) that; to think that
it seems; I think; I guess; right?; don't you agree?
rumour; rumor; report; hearsay; gossip; common talk
scum of the earth; monster; fiend
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
and the like; such as; or something; something like; I hear that ...; people say that...
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
origin; source; base; basis; cause; ingredient; material
state (US, Australia, India, Germany, etc.); province (e.g. Canada); continent; (arch.) dear
count; earl; chief official of the Department of Worship; (arch.) eldest brother; Brazil; Brazilian
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
the person in question; prominent figure; distinguished person; that person
connection (to a person, place, etc.); relation; affinity
such; that sort of; that kind of; no way!; never!
conclusion from reasoning, judgement or calculation based on something read or heard; reason; cause; meaning; circumstances; situation
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!