indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
life; life force; lifetime; lifespan; most important thing; foundation
song; singing; classical Japanese poem (esp. tanka); modern poetry
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
you; buddy; monarch; ruler; he; she
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to take good care of; to treasure; to value; to hold dear; to prize; to cherish
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
although; despite; whereas; while; if only; I wish
family; members of a family
love; affection; attachment; craving; agape; Ireland
such; that sort of; that kind of; no way!; never!
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
true feelings; real intention; one's heart; one's right mind; one's senses; one's conscience
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
wanted; wished for; in need of; I want (you) to
sympathy; empathy; response
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
greed; craving; desire; appetite; hunger; avarice
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to be smeared; to be covered
ordinary person; run-of-the-mill people; John Doe; Jane Doe
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
there (place relatively near listener); there (place just mentioned); that place; then (of some incident just spoken of); that (of point just raised); (arch.) you
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
painful; difficult; distressing; (psychologically) difficult; straitened (circumstances); tight (financial situation)
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
to sing; to sing (one's praises in a poem, etc.); to compose a poem; to recite a poem
sad; miserable; unhappy; sad; lamentable; deplorable
to live; to exist; to make a living; to subsist; to be in effect; to be in use
ordinary; common; free of charge; unaffected; as is; only
lump; mass; group; crowd; embodiment (of an idea, quality, feeling etc.); personification
this sort of; this kind of; like this; such
to rescue from; to help out of; to save
it cannot be that...; it is highly unlikely that...; it is impossible that...
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
God; god; ace; king; superior person
to rot; to go bad; to corrode; to weather; to become useless; to blunt; to become depraved
to be buried; to be covered; to overflow; to be crowded; to be repaid (e.g. debt); to be replenished
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
to hug someone close; to hold someone tight; to embrace closely