indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
Fukuoka (city, prefecture)
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
town; block; downtown; main street; street; road
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to live (of humans); to reside; to inhabit; to dwell; to abide
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
Hokkaido (island, prefectural-level administrative unit)
Honshū (largest of the four main islands of Japan); Honshu
Shikoku (smallest of the four main islands of Japan)
Kyūshū (southernmost of the four main islands of Japan)
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
four; four years of age; ten o'clock (old time system); Burakumin; cross grips
island; one's territory (e.g. of a sex worker, organized crime gang); one's turf
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
inside; interior; among; within; middle; center; during
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
number one; first; best; most; game; round
many; numerous; large amount of; large quantity of; frequent; common
and; and then; thus; and now; and finally
delicious; tasty; sweet; attractive; appealing; convenient
a lot; lots; enough; sufficient; enough; too many
as (i.e. in the role of); for (i.e. from the viewpoint of); apart from... (used to change the topic); even (e.g. "not even a single person"); thinking that...; trying to...
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
mark; guide; purpose; aim; sight (on a firearm)
travel; trip; journey; excursion; tour
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
person; someone; human beings; mankind; human (Homo sapiens); (other) people; others
very; awfully; exceedingly; (not) at all; by no means; simply (cannot)
today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
photograph; photo; picture; moving picture; movie
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
while; during; while; although; all; both
famous product; special product; speciality; specialty
introduction; presentation; referral; listing
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
first (of all); firstly; probably; most likely; more or less (satisfactory); on the whole
one thin flat object; one sheet
eye; eyeball; eyesight; sight; look; stare; notice