indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
now; soon; already; yet; further; more
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
person; someone; human beings; mankind; human (Homo sapiens); (other) people; others
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
while; during; while; although; all; both
a little; a bit; just a minute; for a moment; somewhat; rather; (not) easily
to wait; to await; to look forward to; to depend on; to need
hand; arm; forepaw; foreleg; handle; hand; worker
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
where; what place; how much (long, far); what extent
always; all the time; never; usual; regular
to meet; to encounter; to see; to have an accident; to have a bad experience
liked; well-liked; in love (with); loved; faddism; eccentricity
approximately; about; to (about) the extent that; (almost) enough that; as ... as ...; like
to turn back (e.g. half-way); to return; to go back; to recover (e.g. something lost); to be returned; to rebound
to move; to stir; to operate; to run; to make a move; to take action; to be touched
day; days; sun; sunshine; (the) day; daytime; date
in comparison to; rather than
to advance; to go forward; to precede; to go ahead (of); to make progress; to improve; to deepen
thought; imagination; mind; desire; wish; love
a lot; lots; enough; sufficient; enough; too many
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
you; buddy; monarch; ruler; he; she
don't you think?; indicates question
to recall; to remember; to recollect
to notice; to recognize; to recognise; to become aware of; to perceive; to realize
sky; the air; weather; far-off place; distant place; state of mind; feeling
(approximate) time; around; suitable time (or condition); time of year; season