title; index; heading; headline; caption
cold; frigid; bracing; dignified
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
little girl; maiden; young lady; (arch.) female between 17 and 20 years old (ritsuryo period)
opinion; point of view; visual point
without; unacceptable; not alright; unsatisfactory
time; season; period; phase; stage
prefix for forming ordinal numbers
chapter; section; medal; badge; insignia
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
only; merely; but; no more than
one person; being alone; being by oneself; being single; being unmarried; by oneself
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
family; members of a family
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
older brother; elder brother; brother (as older-brother figure in friendly and or work relationship); young man; buddy
honorific/polite/humble prefix
residence; estate; grounds; premises; mansion
such; that sort of; that kind of; no way!; never!
older brother; elder brother
one's possessions; ownership
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
country; state; region; national government; central government; home (i.e. hometown, home country); (arch.) province (of Japan)
prime location (for offices, housing, etc.); best district (in town); excellent piece of land
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
to desire; to wish for; to expect; to see; to command (a view of)
if; in case; as for; on the topic of; if that's the case; if so
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to live (of humans); to reside; to inhabit; to dwell; to abide
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
adds force or indicates command
talk; speech; topic; subject; discussions; negotiation; rumor
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to hear; to listen (e.g. to music); to ask; to enquire; to hear about; to hear of; to follow (advice, order, etc.)
to think (about, of); to think over; to consider; to bear in mind; to think (that); to believe; to intend (to do)
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
to decide; to choose; to clinch (a victory); to decide (the outcome of a match); to persist in doing; to go through with; to always do
please (give me); please (do for me)
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah