Mr.; Mrs.; makes a word more polite (usu. in fixed expressions); state; situation
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
rural community development; rural community activation
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to tell; to inform; to announce; to indicate; to signal; to mark
language; dialect; word; phrase; speech; (manner of) speaking
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to fall completely silent; to become still as death
(within a) territory; domains
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
crowd of people; great number of people; in great numbers
to gather; to collect; to assemble
Lord; Sir; state minister (under the ritsuryo system); (arch.) you (in reference to someone of lower status)
two persons; two people; pair; couple
coincident with; while; simultaneously
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to receive; to get; to catch (e.g. a ball); to be struck by (wind, waves, sunlight, etc.); to sustain (damage); to incur (a loss); to undergo (e.g. surgery)
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
so; therefore; accordingly; like I said; I told you already
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
of course; certainly; naturally
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
other (place, thing, person); the rest; outside; beyond; nothing except; nothing but
territory; dominion; grounds (e.g. school)
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to attract attention; to come into the limelight
important; momentous; essential; principal; major
ceremony; rite; ritual; service
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
(what) the heck; (why) in the world; one object; one body; one form; one style
what kind of; what sort of; what; no matter what (kind of); whatever; any
it is assuredly that ...; can say with confidence that ...