indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
reflection; reverberation; reflex; reflexes
manufacturing; processing; treatment; machining
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to strike; to clap; to play drums; to abuse; to bash; to consult; to sound out
to jump about; to jump around; to bounce about; to romp about
one's own ground; one's own position; one's own area of the field (soccer, rugby, etc.)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
life; existence; (one's) working life; career; life force; lifeblood
nothing; naught; nought; un-; non-
machine; mechanism; instrument; appliance; apparatus
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
unity; consolidation; uniformity; unification; compatible
to be able (in a position) to do; to be up to the task; to be ready; to be completed; to be made; to be built; to be good at
indiscrimination; without discrimination; indiscriminate
area; domain; territory; field; range; region
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to compare; to make a comparison; to compete; to vie
imperfect; incomplete; faulty; defective
sense; sensation; feeling; intuition
organ (of body, plant, etc.)
to hold (in one's hand); to take; to possess; to have; to maintain; to keep; to last
to get; to earn; to understand; to comprehend; to receive something undesirable (e.g. a punishment); to get (ill)
human being; human; person; character (of a person)
to step into (e.g. someone else's territory); to break into; to raid; to come to grips with; to get to the core of
how; in what way; how about
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
endorsing and questioning the preceding statement; lamenting reflections on the preceding statement
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
conclusion from reasoning, judgement or calculation based on something read or heard; reason; cause; meaning; circumstances; situation
nonexistent; not being (there); not having; not
seems; I think; I guess; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
to pass (of time); to elapse
all members; all hands; everyone; everybody; whole crew
occupation; profession; job; vocation; trade; calling
guerrilla; guerrilla warfare; sudden
counter for birds, rabbits, etc.
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
adds force or indicates command