indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
solitude; loneliness; isolation
origin; source; base; basis; cause; ingredient; material
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
demon; devil; evil spirit; monster; goblin; apparition
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
invasion; raid; attack; visitation (of a calamity)
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
country; state; region; national government; central government; home (i.e. hometown, home country); (arch.) province (of Japan)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to rescue from; to help out of; to save
hero; heroine; Eroica Symphony (Beethoven, 1804); Heroic Polonaise (Chopin)
as (i.e. in the role of); for (i.e. from the viewpoint of); apart from... (used to change the topic); even (e.g. "not even a single person"); thinking that...; trying to...
baron; Irish cobbler (variety of potato)
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
throne; crown; government position; court rank; social standing; rank; grade (of quality, etc.)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to relate; to narrate; to describe; to confer (a rank)
to descend (e.g. a mountain); to go down; to alight (e.g. from bus); to get off; to step down; to retire; to be granted
king; queen; monarch; the Crown (as a focus of authority in the UK, etc.); the throne
direct control; direct supervision
order of chivalry; chivalric order
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
house; residence; family; household; lineage; family name
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
mostly; nearly; practically; well-nigh; almost invariably; all but
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
same; similar; (just) like; equal
to take a view or perspective; to regard as; to consider to be
now; the present time; just now; another; more
royal capital; imperial capital
one person; being alone; being by oneself; being single; being unmarried; by oneself
older sister; elder sister
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
two persons; two people; pair; couple