indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
standing facing each other (e.g. mountains, buildings); standing opposite each other; confrontation; squaring off against (adversaries, armies, forces); standing off against
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
hero; heroine; Eroica Symphony (Beethoven, 1804); Heroic Polonaise (Chopin)
samurai on horseback; (medieval) knight
year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to pass (of time); to elapse
now; the present time; just now; another; more
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
fellow; guy; thing; object; he; she
particularly; especially; in particular; expressly
to change; to be transformed; to move to; to be different; to be uncommon
seeming to be; appearing to be; like; similar to; in order to (e.g. meet goal); so that
like; similar to; as with; in the same way
growing impudent; becoming arrogant; getting stuck-up; becoming more severe (esp. regarding something bad); increasing
conclusion from reasoning, judgement or calculation based on something read or heard; reason; cause; meaning; circumstances; situation
it is not (like that) either
(political) power; authority; influence
good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
plural; multiple; several
man; male; fellow; guy; male lover; boyfriend
to hold in one's arms (e.g. a baby); to embrace; to have sex with; to make love to; to sit on (eggs); to brood
magic; witchcraft; sorcery; spell
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to repeat; to do something over again
as usual; as always; as before; as ever; still
as (i.e. in the role of); for (i.e. from the viewpoint of); apart from... (used to change the topic); even (e.g. "not even a single person"); thinking that...; trying to...
Satan; the Devil; the Prince of Darkness; king of the demons who try to prevent people from doing good
army; armed forces; military authorities; team; group
remnants; survivors; refugees; pocket (of resistance)
to make war (on); to wage war (against); to compete (against); to struggle (against adversities, etc.); to fight
to continue; to keep up; to keep on
seeming ...; appearing ...; -ish; like a ...; typical of ...
but; however; (and) yet; nevertheless; still; for all that
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
lie; falsehood; fiction; fabrication
figure; form; appearance; dress; state; condition
seems; I think; I guess; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!