royal capital; imperial capital
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to turn back (e.g. half-way); to return; to go back; to recover (e.g. something lost); to be returned; to rebound
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
step; stair; grade; rank; counter for breaks in written language (or speech, etc.); dan
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to notice; to recognize; to recognise; to become aware of; to perceive; to realize
very; extremely; excessively
incomplete understanding; doubt; question; distrust; suspicion; strangeness
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!
yes; that is correct; um; errr; huh?; grrr
why?; what for?; how?; by what means?
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
consequence; outcome; result; blame
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
where; what place; how much (long, far); what extent
the world; society; sphere; circle; world-renowned; world-famous
usually; ordinarily; always; continuous; 24-hour (operation, care, etc.); constant
lightly (floating, drifting, etc.); buoyantly; soft; fluffy; unsteadily; flightily
to float; to become merry; to be cheerful; to become loose; to become unsteady; to feel out of it; to be cut off (e.g. from those around you)
human being; human; person; character (of a person)
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
to bend one's head slightly to one side; to look slightly doubtful
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
this way; this direction; here; this (one); I; me
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to be troubled; to have difficulty; to be bothered; to be inconvenienced; to be badly off; to be hard up
to try to ...; to be about to do ...; to decide to ...; to take as; to treat as; to use for; to suppose that (such) is the case
nature; spontaneity; natural airhead
that's the way it is; yes; is that so?; is it?
which way; which direction; which one (esp. of two alternatives); who
what!; oh; what the heck; what the; damn
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to sigh; to breathe a sigh
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you