indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
activity (of a person, organization, animal, volcano, etc.); action; movie (esp. during the silent movie period)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to resign; to retire; to quit; to leave (one's job, etc.)
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
time; years; days; the Moon and the Sun
to stream; to flow (liquid, time, etc.); to be washed away; to be carried; to drift; to float (e.g. clouds); to sweep (e.g. rumour, fire)
in the meanwhile; during the time
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
myself; yourself; I; me; you
(real) ability; true strength; merit; arms; force
to raise; to lift; to boost; to enhance
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
given that ... it is only natural that ...; ... being the case, it is unavoidable that ...; (precisely) because ...; contrary to expectations ...
concentration; focusing; convergence; within a collection of works
(social) position; status
use; utilization; utilisation; application
royal capital; imperial capital
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
secret; secrecy; mystery; secret (e.g. to success); esoteric teachings
library; book storage; stack room; archive (file)
to enter; to go into; to break into; to join; to enroll; to contain; to hold
information; news; intelligence; information; data contained in characters, signals, code, etc.
acquisition; obtaining; coming to hand
handing down (information); legend; tradition; folklore; transmission
ban (e.g. on smoking); prohibition
art; technique; means; way; trick; trap
secret art; the mysteries
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
kind; sort; type; similar example; parallel; the like
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
general; universal; ordinary; average; (arch.) the same; (arch.) no different
person; someone; human beings; mankind; human (Homo sapiens); (other) people; others
to be aware of; to know; to notice; to feel; to understand; to comprehend; to remember
to be able (to); to be possible (to)
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
charge; custody; safekeeping; deposit; storage