oh!; good heavens!; ugh!; oh no!; ah!; the penny drops!
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
hand; arm; forepaw; foreleg; handle; hand; worker
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to hold up over one's head; to hold aloft; to hold over something; to hold (one's hands) out (e.g. towards a fire); to hold up to shade one's eyes, face, etc.
rainbow-colored; rainbow-coloured
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
glittering; sparkling; glistening; twinkling
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to shine; to glitter; to be bright
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
opposite side; other side; over there; that way; the other party; the other person
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
Mr.; Mrs.; makes a word more polite (usu. in fixed expressions); state; situation
to stare in wonder; to be amazed
but (still); and yet; nevertheless; even so; notwithstanding
terrible; dreadful; amazing (e.g. of strength); great (e.g. of skills); to a great extent; vast (in numbers)
being deeply moved emotionally; excitement; passion; inspiration; deep emotion; strong impression
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
face; visage; look; expression; honor; honour
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
possibly; apparently; (seem) likely; somehow or other; with difficulty; barely
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
as (i.e. in the role of); for (i.e. from the viewpoint of); apart from... (used to change the topic); even (e.g. "not even a single person"); thinking that...; trying to...
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
makings (of); aptitude; talent; nature; character; temperament
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
appearing ...; looking ...; way to ...; method of ...ing; form; style
eh?; what?; yes; that's correct; (arch.) strengthens a question, assertion, etc.; (arch.) hey
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
language; dialect; word; phrase; speech; (manner of) speaking
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
remote countryside; boondocks; the sticks
field (for fruits, vegetables, etc.); cultivated land; field (of specialization); sphere; womb; birth
to till; to plow; to plough; to cultivate
father; dad; husband; you; he
to make; to produce; to prepare (food); to brew (alcohol); to raise; to grow; to till