sky; the air; weather; far-off place; distant place; state of mind; feeling
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
under (guidance, supervision, rules, the law, etc.); under (a flag, the sun, etc.); beneath; with (e.g. one blow); on (the promise, condition, assumption, etc. that ...); (somebody's) side
cold; frigid; bracing; dignified
to try to ...; to be about to do ...; to decide to ...; to take as; to treat as; to use for; to suppose that (such) is the case
will; volition; intention; intent; determination
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to house; to contain; to carry (a baby); to be pregnant; (arch.) to give lodging to; (arch.) to accommodate
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
forward; frontward; ahead; rectangular front
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to place (in position); to fix; to install; to seat (someone); to settle (upon something); to fix (e.g. one's gaze)
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to pretend not to see; to turn one's back on
oneself; oneself; for oneself; personally
room; chamber; apartment; flat; stable
to face; to go towards; to head towards
to cross (e.g. road); to traverse
on the way; en route; in the middle of; midway; halfway
tumult; great noise; clatter; hustle and bustle
also; too; not ... either; (it's not possible) no matter what; although one might wish otherwise
to resemble; to look like; to be like; to be alike; to be similar; to take after
to notice; to recognize; to recognise; to become aware of; to perceive; to realize
tower; steeple; spire; stupa; pagoda; dagoba
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
flower; blossom; cherry blossom; beauty; blooming (esp. of cherry blossoms); ikebana; hanafuda
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
outside; exterior; the open (air); other place; somewhere else
corridor; gallery; hallway; cloister (i.e. covered walk typically circling a building or garden, esp. in a palace or place of worship)
to cross; to go across; to go through; to cut across
but; however; (and) yet; nevertheless; still; for all that
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
to cross over; to go across; to extend; to cover; to range
center; centre; middle; -centered; -centred; -focused
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing