indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to persevere; to persist; to insist that; to stick to (one's opinion); to remain in a place; to stick to one's post
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
still; much more; (not) yet; still a long way to go; still a long way off; not there yet
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
myself; yourself; I; me; you
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
to reach; to touch; to be delivered; to arrive; to be attentive; to be scrupulous
but (still); and yet; nevertheless; even so; notwithstanding
reckless; daredevil; frantic; foolhardy
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
above; over; top; summit; surface; on (top of); the above (in a piece of writing)
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
anyway; anyhow; setting aside ...; regardless of ...; really; truly
honorific/polite/humble prefix
study; diligence; working hard; experience; knowledge; discount
to continue; to keep up; to keep on; to continue ...; to keep on ...
year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
truth; reality; proper; right; genuine; authentic
meaning; significance; sense
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
to make; to produce; to prepare (food); to brew (alcohol); to raise; to grow; to till
certainly; of course; even if; no matter (who, what, when, where, why, how); without even; without so much as; at the (least, earliest, etc.)
beneficial; profitable; useful; helpful; instructive
relation; relationship; participation; involvement; influence; effect
on the surface; ostensibly; superficially; apparently
to walk about; to walk around; to conduct oneself; to act; to stop by (somewhere; esp. of a criminal on the run); to drop by
direction; way; person; lady; method of; manner of; care of ...
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to learn; to study; to take lessons in
three years; third school year (e.g. of high school)
Mr; Mrs; makes a word more polite (usu. in fixed expressions); state; situation
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to carry around; to carry on one's person
to receive; to take; to get someone to do something; to have in one's pocket (a fight, match); to contract (a disease); to catch
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...