Mr.; Mrs.; makes a word more polite (usu. in fixed expressions); state; situation
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
heat; fever; temperature; zeal; passion
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to take out; to get out; to put out; to reveal; to submit (e.g. thesis); to turn in; to publish
to fall (over, down); to collapse; to be destroyed (in a collapse); to collapse; to be confined to bed (with an illness); to come down with; to die
in that way; thus; so; so?
to hear; to listen (e.g. to music); to ask; to enquire; to hear about; to hear of; to follow (advice, order, etc.)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
to pass (of time); to elapse
(approximate) time; around; suitable time (or condition); time of year; season
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
lively; energetic; vigorously (jumping, flopping, etc.); piercing (e.g. sound); penetrating
no; nay; well; er; you're welcome; not at all
physical condition; state of health
bad; poor; poor (quality); inferior; evil; sinful; ugly
always; all the time; never; usual; regular
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
indicates word or phrase being defined; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); with; (not) as much as; (not) so much as; the fact that
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
in order to (e.g. meet goal); so that; take care (so as); hoping or wishing for something
exceptional; unusual; special; especially; exceptionally; unusually
change; variation; variety; diversity; inflection; declension
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
in order to (e.g. meet goal); so that; take care (so as); hoping or wishing for something
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
by (means of); by doing; due to; via; through
environment; circumstance
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
big; large; loud; extensive; spacious; important
to change; to be transformed; to move to; to be different; to be uncommon
be supposed or expected to (do); be sure to (do); ought to (do)
to work too hard; to try too hard; to strain oneself; to overdo it; to go too far
I've heard that ...; rumour has it that ...; it appears as if ...
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
state; state of affairs; appearance; look; sign; indication
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
really; very; extremely; (not) anything; (not) at all; (not) a bit