the four cardinal directions; north, east, south and west; surroundings; many countries; the whole world; all around; here and there
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
wall; partition; barrier; obstacle; Chinese "Wall" constellation (one of the 28 mansions)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to line up; to stand in a line; to rival; to match; to equal
bookshelves; bookshelf; bookcase
crevice; crack; spare moment; interval; chink (in one's armor, armour); unpreparedness
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
spine (of book); binding (of book)
high; tall; expensive; high-priced; high (level); above average (in degree, quality, etc.)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
uneven; irregular; non-uniform; unsorted; odd; miscellaneous
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
here and there; in places
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
piece; slice; cloth; sharpness; agility; counter for scraps, pieces, etc.
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to jump out; to rush out; to appear (suddenly); to protrude; to project; to butt in
in some way or other; one way or another; somehow; only just; barely
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to take out; to produce; to pick out; to fetch; to retrieve
also; too; not ... either; (it's not possible) no matter what; although one might wish otherwise
before oneself; in front of one; a bit before reaching (a location); this side (of a location); one's standpoint; one's appearance; skill
book; volume; this; present; main; head
horizontal (as opposed to vertical); lying down; side-to-side (as opposed to front-to-back); width; side (of a box, etc.); beside
to pile up; to stack; to load (car, ship, etc.); to pack; to acquire; to accumulate
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
consequence; outcome; result; blame
to be able (in a position) to do; to be up to the task; to be ready; to be completed; to be made; to be built; to be good at
only; merely; approximately; about; just (finished, etc.); as if to; (as though) about to
library; book storage; stack room; archive (file)
and yet; despite this; but even so; but even then; however; nevertheless
now; soon; already; yet; further; more
to bury (e.g. in the ground); to fill up (e.g. audience fills a hall); to cause to be packed; to plug (a gap); to stop (a gap); to make up for (a loss, shortage, etc.); to make amends
to take (seat, position, course, office, etc.); to assume; to ascend (the throne); to accede; to start (on a journey); to commence
study; library; den; home office; reading room
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to tidy up; to put in order; to settle (problem); to clear (dispute); to finish; to bring something to an end
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
appearing ...; looking ...; way to ...; method of ...ing; form; style
to request; to beg; to call; to order; to entrust to; to rely on
restlessly; aimlessly; to loiter; to drift; to be restless; to fuss
while; during; while; although; all; both
to open (e.g. doors); to open (e.g. business, etc.); to be empty; to be vacant; to be available; to be open (e.g. neckline, etc.); to have been opened (of one's eyes, mouth, etc.)
space (room, area, outer space)
to search for; to look for; to hunt for; to search (a house, pocket, etc.); to search through; to rummage in (e.g. a drawer)
completely; absolutely; (not) at all; (not) a bit; earnestly; intently