bang; bam; noontime signal gun (carried out early Meiji to Taishō); noon gun; last round in a game of 12 rounds; precisely
what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to push someone (towards); to encourage someone
stairs; stairway; staircase
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
the most; the extreme; prime; conspicuous
upper tier; upper section; place of honor; place of honour; dais; raised part of floor
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
to tumble down; to roll down
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
inner thoughts; real intention; at heart; deep down; inner center (centre)
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
sometime; someday; one day; some time or other; the other day; in due course
mind; heart; spirit; the meaning of a phrase (riddle, etc.)
even a little; any at all; if only a little; no matter how little
myself; yourself; I; me; you
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
female; woman; female sex; female lover; girlfriend; mistress
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to recall; to remember; to recollect
to receive; to take; to get somebody to do something; to have in one's pocket (a fight, match); to contract (a disease); to catch
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
tough; stubborn; determined; severely; heavily; hard
floor; stage (for the narrator and the shamisen player); dining platform built across a river
to throw violently against; to slam against; to strike; to thrust at someone (e.g. a letter)
body; torso; trunk; build; physique; health
to jump; to leap; to break up; to close; to hit (e.g. to have a car hit something or someone)
disagreeable; detestable; unpleasant; reluctant
like; similar to; (I) think (that); (I) have a feeling (that); feels like; feels similar to
sharp pain; acute pain; intense pain
breath; breathing; tone; mood
to be able (in a position) to do; to be up to the task; to be ready; to be completed; to be made; to be built; to be good at
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
ear; hearing; edge; crust; selvedge (non-fray machined edge of fabrics); selvage