cold (e.g. weather); uninteresting (esp. joke); lame; dull
severe; strict; hard (to do); difficult; intense (e.g. cold); harsh (weather)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to cross over; to cross; to pass through; to exceed; to surpass; to be more (than)
the world; society; sphere; circle; world-renowned; world-famous
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
fresh verdure; new green leaves
to go out to meet; to receive; to welcome; to accept (e.g. as a member of a group or family); to call for; to summon
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
space (between); gap; period of time (during, while); duration; between (two parties or things); among (a group); relations (between)
to freeze (of one's body); to be frozen; to become numb (with cold); to be chilled
while; during; while; although; all; both
bud; sprout; shoot; opening of a bud
to wait; to await; to look forward to; to depend on; to need
green; greenery (esp. fresh verdure)
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
simultaneously; all at once; in unison
to spout out; to spurt out; to sprout; to bud; to burst into laughter; to blow (smoke, etc.)
to colour; to color; to apply make-up; to decorate; to garnish
also; too; not ... either; (it's not possible) no matter what; although one might wish otherwise
various; varied; diverse; all sorts of
variety; kind; type; counter for kinds, species, etc.
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
deep; profound; dense; thick; close (relationship); intense; strong
deep (colour); dark; strong (flavour, smell, etc.); thick (consistency); dense; strong (possibility, etc.)
reddish tinge; tinge of red; slight redness; reddishness; blush
strong; potent; strong; brawny; good (at); skilled; being able to handle
thin; pale; light; watery; thin; weak (taste, etc.); little (affection, etc.) not much (of a presence)
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
layer; stratum; class; stratum; sheaf; counter for stories (of a building)
to extend; to stretch out; to attend; to participate in; to enrol; to enroll
to lie on top of each other; to overlap; to pile up
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
time; season; period; phase; stage
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
wherein; therein; thereinto
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
eccentric; queer; unconventional; peculiar; original
method; manner; appearance; air; tendency; folk song (genre of the Shi Jing)
to bend; to flutter; to wave; to yield to; to be swayed by; to bow to
sunlight filtering through trees
to dash over oneself (e.g. water); to take (e.g. shower); to bask in (e.g. the sun); to suffer (e.g. an attack); to draw (e.g. criticism, attention, praise); to have heaped upon
like; similar to; (I) think (that); (I) have a feeling (that); feels like; feels similar to