poverty-stricken; destitute; poor; penurious
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
large; big; great; prominent; -sized; as big as; university
flashiness; showiness; brilliance; bloom; flowers
counter for wheels and flowers
country; state; region; national government; central government; home (i.e. hometown, home country); (arch.) province (of Japan)
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
to have been decided (so) that; to have been arranged (so) that; to be the result (of); to be the outcome; to be the reason (for)
there (place relatively near listener); there (place just mentioned); that place; then (of some incident just spoken of); that (of point just raised); (arch.) you
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
fierce; intense; severe; violent; strong; vehement
on bad terms; at loggerheads
remaining; left-over; excess
house (e.g. of Tokugawa); family
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
coexistence; living together
on the contrary; far from it; if anything; in fact; instead
how; in what way; why; for what reason; cannot possibly; no way
in this way; thus; such; uh...
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
state; condition; situation; appearance; circumstances
security for a loan; collateral
as (i.e. in the role of); for (i.e. from the viewpoint of); apart from... (used to change the topic); even (e.g. "not even a single person"); thinking that...; trying to...
to come along; to come around; to turn up; to arrive at the present; to get where one is; to have been doing something (for a period of time)
et cetera; etc.; or something; the likes of; for example; for instance
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
wherein; therein; thereinto
than; from; out of; except; but; more
national customs and manners; provincial song or ballad; waka (classical Japanese poetry, as opposed to Chinese poetry)
name; given name; first name
to grant; to give; to confer; to teach; to instruct; to impart (knowledge)
to change; to alter; to reform; to correct; to examine; to check
to give one's name (as); to introduce oneself (as); to claim to be; to call oneself; to reveal oneself (as); to admit to being