honorific/polite/humble prefix
Mr; Mrs; makes a word more polite (usu. in fixed expressions); state; situation
Ming dynasty (of China; 1368-1644)
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
name; given name; first name
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
street; road; traffic; coming and going; flow (of water, air, etc.); passage; transmission (of sound)
light; bright; bright (colour); cheerful; bright; bright (future, prospects, etc.); rosy
greeting; greetings; speech (congratulatory or appreciative); address; reply; response; courtesy visit (to offer condolences, say congratulations, pay respect, introduce oneself, etc.)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
nicely; properly; frequently; often; I'm glad that you ...; thank you for ...
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
all members; all hands; everyone; everybody; whole crew
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
extent; degree; limit; bounds; (span of) time; (a) distance; the state of
until now; till now; up to now; up to the present; so far
to live; to exist; to make a living; to subsist; to be in effect; to be in use
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
to think (about, of); to think over; to consider; to bear in mind; to think (that); to believe; to intend (to do)
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
slight; insignificant; small
(those) who are; (that) which is; in the capacity of
but; however; (and) yet; nevertheless; still; for all that
lonely (e.g. person, feeling); lonesome; desolate; deserted; sad; lacking
everyone; everybody; all; everything; all
important; serious; valuable; precious; serious matter; major incident
companions; friends; comrades; mates; partners
reaffirmation; reconfirmation; revalidation
face; visage; look; (facial) expression; honor (honour); face; influence
in turns; in series; in order; by rotation
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
to go; to move (towards); to move through; to travel across; to go (well, badly, etc.); to proceed; to do (in a particular way)
virile; tough; masculine; sharp (features, look, etc.); fierce; dauntless