together; jointly; at the same time; with; both
patrolling; one's rounds; inspection tour; watchman; patrolman
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
to reach the point that; to come to be that; to turn into
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
same; similar; (just) like; equal
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
one's days and nights being reversed
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
to lead (a) life (usu. preceded by the type of life)
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
by means of; due to; because of; according to
new; novel; fresh; recent; latest; up-to-date
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
ghost that appears at sea during a shipwreck; something strange or suspicious; idiot; fool; noh mask for roles involving dead or ghost characters
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
daytime; during the day; time from sunrise until sunset; diurnal period
than; from; out of; except; but; more
direction; way; side (of an argument, etc.); one's part; type; category; field (of study, etc.)
in a lively way; vividly; freshly; animatedly; actively; energetically
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
usual; ordinary; normal; regular; general; common
to live; to exist; to make a living; to subsist; to be in effect; to be in use
light; illumination; ray; happiness; hope; influence
to dash over oneself (e.g. water); to take (e.g. shower); to bask in (e.g. the sun); to suffer (e.g. an attack); to draw (e.g. criticism, attention, praise); to have heaped upon
force; strength; capability; ability; efficacy; effect; effort
to get; to earn; to understand; to comprehend; to receive something undesirable (e.g. a punishment); to get (ill)
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
reverse; opposite; converse (of a hypothesis, etc.); inverse (function)
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
seeming ...; appearing ...; -ish; like a ...; typical of ...
house; residence; family; household; lineage; family name
residence; estate; grounds; premises; mansion
dark; gloomy; depressed; dispirited; dark (in colour); dull; ill-boding
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
room; chamber; apartment; flat; stable