indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
pinch; crisis; tough spot; clothespin
in that way; thus; so; so?
to hear; to listen (e.g. to music); to ask; to enquire; to hear about; to hear of; to follow (advice, order, etc.)
any moment now; any minute now; as soon as possible; right away
labyrinth; maze; mystery; dungeon
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to jump in; to leap in; to plunge into; to burst in; to barge in
to spur on; to urge forward; to impel; to drive at high speed (e.g. a car)
place; location; room; space; basho; wrestling tournament
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
moving (location, with the times, etc.); change; metastasis; spread; transition (e.g. phase transition); transfer (of learning)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
but; however; (and) yet; nevertheless; still; for all that
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
strategy guide (book, e.g. for a video game); playing guide; book of hints
at hand; on hand; way of moving one's arms; skill; money at hand; pocket money
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
summoning circle; magic circle (esp. in fictional settings); magic square
concerning; regarding; per (e.g. 100 yen per person); for every
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to examine; to look up; to investigate; to check up; to sense; to study
one; for one thing; only; (not) even; just (e.g. "just try it"); some kind of; one type of
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
observation; survey; watching
time; hour; period; class
if only (you) have; as long as (you) have; whenever (you) have
indeed; really; truly; very much
to write; to compose; to pen; to draw; to paint
avenue; street; coming and going; street traffic; flow (of water, air, etc.); transmission (of sound); reach (e.g. of voice)
capture (of enemy territory); taking (by storm); defeating (an opponent); attacking (a problem) strategically
seems; I think; I guess; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
first of all; to begin with; probably; most likely; more or less (satisfactory); on the whole
state of affairs (around you); situation; circumstances
sorting; arrangement; liquidation; settlement; retrenchment; curtailment
important; serious; valuable; precious; serious matter; major incident
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
may; might; perhaps; may be; possibly
half; 50%; tie; 5 parts; 5%
rescue; extricate; reclaim; deliverance
to be late; to be delayed; to fall behind (in a race, one's studies, etc.); to lag behind; to be bereaved of; to be preceded by (someone) in death
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to