right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
truth; reality; proper; right; genuine; authentic
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
safe; secure; certainly; surely; no thanks; I'm good
that's the way it is; yes; is that so?; is it?
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
prefix for forming ordinal numbers
supposing; even if; granting that; temporarily; provisionally; for the time being
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
travelling incognito (traveling); special palanquin for carrying a daimyo or his wife incognito
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
royal capital; imperial capital
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
town; block; downtown; main street; street; road
to leave; to exit; to leave (on a journey); to depart; to move forward; to come to; to get to
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
after all; because; but; even; too; as well
until now; so far; up to the present
thoroughly; completely; severely; harshly; (arch.) scattered; (arch.) disconnected
to go out; to go around; to walk about; to roam
seems; I think; I guess; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
language; dialect; word; phrase; speech; (manner of) speaking
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to laugh; to smile; to sneer; to ridicule; to be dumbfounded; to be flabbergasted
two persons; two people; pair; couple
as (i.e. in the role of); for (i.e. from the viewpoint of); apart from... (used to change the topic); even (e.g. "not even a single person"); thinking that...; trying to...
to go out (e.g. on an excursion or outing); to leave; to depart; to be about to leave; to be just going out
time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
still; as yet; (not) yet; more; (more) still; at least
investiture of the Crown Prince
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
to protect; to guard; to defend; to keep (i.e. a promise); to abide (by the rules); to observe
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
now; soon; already; yet; further; more
worry; concern; anxiety; care; help; aid
and yet; despite this; but even so; but even then; however; nevertheless