beginning; outset; first; onset
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
to put; to place; to leave (behind); to establish (an organization, a facility, a position, etc.); to set up; to appoint (someone to a certain position); to hire
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
not feeling like doing ...; having no mind to ...; being in no mood for ...; having no intention of ...
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
(your) daughter; young woman
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
formal marriage interview; marriage meeting
companion; partner; other party; addressee; opponent (sports, etc.)
first meeting; first contest between
yes; indeed; ha!; what?; huh?; sigh
that is so; that is right; it looks to me; people say that; it is said that; I hear that
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
to nod; to bow one's head in assent; to agree
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
of no interest; not interested
that being the case; because of ...; the reason is ...; given that ...
to be saved; to be rescued; to escape harm; to be spared damage; to be helped; to be saved trouble
while it may be true that; just because; nevertheless; not necessarily
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
story; tale; talk; discussion
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
indicates word or phrase being defined; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); with; (not) as much as; (not) so much as; the fact that
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
circumstances; conditions; situation; reasons; state of affairs
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
honorific/polite/humble prefix
ballast; crushed stone, gravel, etc. used on a roadbed or railway track
Mr.; Mrs.; makes a word more polite (usu. in fixed expressions); state; situation
direction; way; side (of an argument, etc.); one's part; type; category; field (of study, etc.)
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
talk; speech; topic; subject; discussions; negotiation; rumor