indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
dragon (esp. a Chinese dragon); naga; semi-divine human-cobra chimera in Hindu and Buddhist mythology; promoted rook
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
antiquity; the previous era
pet name; nickname; name used to indicate affection, intimacy, informality, etc.
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
house; residence; family; household; lineage; family name
person; -er; (arch.) expert; (arch.) geisha; (arch.) prostitute
skin; body (in the context of intimate bodily contact); surface; grain (e.g. of wood); disposition; temperament
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
origin; source; base; basis; cause; ingredient; material
blue; azure; green; green light (traffic); black (horse coat color); blue 5-point card; immature
transmigration; reincarnation; metempsychosis
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
in front (of); before (e.g. a building); before; earlier; (the) front; frontal part; forward
good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result
country; state; region; national government; central government; home (i.e. hometown, home country); (arch.) province (of Japan)
character (of a person); personality; disposition; characteristics; nature (of a thing, event, etc.)
counter for people (usu. seating, reservations and such); first name; famous; great; name; noun
older brother; elder brother
gold (Au); golden (color); valuable; of highest value; money; gold coin; Friday
green; greenery (esp. fresh verdure)
joint ownership; co-ownership; sharing (e.g. a viewpoint); sharing (files, devices on a network, posts on social media, etc.)
to wear (sword, decoration, etc.); to carry; to be entrusted (e.g. with a mission); to take on; to have a trace of; to be tinged with
little girl; maiden; young lady; female usually between 7 and 18 years old
(one's) figure; build; physique; style
characteristic (of); peculiar (to)
tribe; clan; (taxonomical) tribe; group (of the periodic table)
emperor (of Japan); mikado
silver hair; gray hair; grey hair