term-end exam; end-of-term test; finals
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
third day of the month; three days
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to be temperate in; to refrain; to make notes; to jot down (e.g. phone number); to be in preparation for; to be in waiting for
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
dishwashing; doing dishes
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to grow cold (from room temperature, e.g. in refrigerator); to get chilly; to cool down
tea (usu. green); tea break (at work); tea ceremony
amount necessary to fill a container (e.g. cupful, spoonful, etc.); drink (usu. alcoholic); full; one squid, octopus, crab, etc.; one boat; fully; to capacity
to drink; to gulp; to smoke (tobacco); to engulf; to overwhelm; to keep down; to suppress
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
living; lifestyle; living room
to turn back (e.g. half-way); to return; to go back; to recover (e.g. something lost); to be returned; to rebound
here I am; I'm home!; presently; right away; right now
seiza; kneeling with the tops of the feet flat on the floor, and sitting on the soles
reason; principle; general principle (as opposed to individual concrete phenomenon); (in neo-Confucianism) the underlying principles of the cosmos
flower; blossom; cherry blossom; beauty; blooming (esp. of cherry blossoms); ikebana; hanafuda
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
next (to); adjoining; adjacent; house next door; neighbouring house; next-door neighbour
to behave; to conduct oneself; to entertain; to treat someone (to a drink); to make tea for someone (tea ceremony)
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
day; days; sun; sunshine; (the) day; daytime; date
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to end; to come to an end; to close; to finish
behind; rear; after; later; remainder; the rest; more (e.g. five more minutes)
for a moment; for a minute; for a while; for some time; for the time being; for now
inside; within; while (e.g. one is young); during; among; amongst; in (secret, chaos, poverty, etc.)
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
mostly; nearly; practically; well-nigh; almost invariably; all but
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
yes; that is correct; understood; I see; present; here; pardon?
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very