to polish; to shine; to burnish; to refine (a skill, etc.); to improve; to hone
bright person; talented student; prodigy
to plan; to attempt; to plot; to conspire; to aim for; to strive for
declining birth rate; decline in the number of children; sub-replacement fertility
tendency; trend; inclination
pointing up; pointing upward; upturn; uptrend; upward tendency
one country; the whole nation; the whole country; stubborn; obstinate
globalization; globalisation
to pretend not to see; to turn one's back on
Galapagosization; phenomenon of companies becoming overly specialized in developing products for the domestic market
to sell; to betray; to sell out (one's friend, country, etc.); to make (oneself) known; to establish (a reputation) for oneself; to pick (a fight, quarrel, etc.)
import; importation; introduction; afferent
trigger (of a gun, etc.); trigger (for something); immediate cause
self-supply; self-sufficiency; producing for oneself; providing for oneself
national isolation; closing the country (to foreigners); sakoku; policy of national isolation enacted by the Tokugawa shogunate
export; exportation; efferent
(picture) frame; framed picture; amount (esp. of money); sum
competition; contest; rivalry; competition (between organisms or species)
at once; right away; promptly; quickly; right now; this instant
withdrawal; secession; separation; breakaway
commodity; article of commerce; goods; stock; merchandise
item; commodity; list of articles
heavy blow; major blow; severe blow; serious damage
to tie; to fasten; to hitch; to secure (trust, patronage of customers, etc.); to keep (an employee, someone's interest, etc.); to save (someone's life)
this way and that; (by) various means; (by) every means
industry; (arch.) livelihood; (arch.) occupation
blow; shock; strike; batting
competitiveness; competitive edge; competitive power
foreign country; another country; another province; strange land; alien land
to hold back (someone) from achieving success; to stand in the way of; to sabotage
to feel depressed; to be down
tea; tea plant (Camellia sinensis); tea preparation; making tea; brown; (arch.) mockery
startup; booting up; activation; starting (e.g. engine, computer); launch