prince; subordinate Kumano shrine
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
congratulation; congratulations; celebration; congratulatory gift; present
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
special; particular; extraordinary; exceptional; especial
general; universal; ordinary; average; (arch.) the same; (arch.) no different
release; unleashing; liberation; deallocation (of computer memory)
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
new; novel; fresh; recent; latest; up-to-date
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
a lot; lots; enough; sufficient; enough; too many
people; men and women; each person; everybody
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to visit; to call on; to arrive (of a season, situation, etc.); to come; to appear
two persons; two people; pair; couple
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have ...-ed; to be ...-ed
nicely; properly; frequently; often; I'm glad that you ...; thank you for ...
to be seen; to be visible; to look; to seem; to come
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
place; location; room; space; sumo tournament
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
nobility; aristocracy; peerage
seat; location (of a gathering, etc.); place; position; post
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
now; the present time; just now; another; more
there (place relatively near listener); there (place just mentioned); that place; then (of some incident just spoken of); that (of point just raised); (arch.) you
again; once more; a second time
to gather; to collect; to assemble
cheers; applause; ovation; acclamation
to rise; to go up; to enter (esp. from outdoors); to come in; to enter (a school); to advance to the next grade; to get out (of water)
at the same time; at once; just as ...; the moment ...; (but) at the same time; as well as
flower shower; throwing flower petals over the bride and groom after exchanging of vows
to dance (orig. a whirling dance); to whirl (in the wind); to flutter (about); to swirl
ahead; forward; (in) front; having a square front
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen; to come about