coach (horse-drawn); carriage; wagon; cart
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
to descend (e.g. a mountain); to go down; to alight (e.g. from bus); to get off; to step down; to retire; to be granted
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
two persons; two people; pair; couple
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
figure; form; appearance; dress; state; condition
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
house (e.g. of Tokugawa); family
(present) head of a family
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
very; greatly; immense; enormous; serious; grave
bewilderment; perplexity; embarrassment; discomfiture; bafflement
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
so; like this; in this way
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
haggardness; emaciation; wasting away; being tired out; being worn out; exhaustion
to cut; to cut through; to sever (connections, ties); to turn off (e.g. the light); to terminate (e.g. a conversation); to hang up (the phone); to punch (a ticket)
mess; sorry state; -ways; -wards; in the act of ...; just as one is ...
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
endorsing and questioning the preceding statement; lamenting reflections on the preceding statement
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
conclusion from reasoning, judgement or calculation based on something read or heard; reason; cause; meaning; circumstances; situation
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
first of all; at once; right away; for now; for the time being
talk; speech; topic; subject; discussions; negotiation; rumor
to hear; to listen (e.g. to music); to ask; to enquire; to hear about; to hear of; to follow (advice, order, etc.)
good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
drawing room; parlour; parlor; reception office
place; location; room; space; basho; wrestling tournament
to change; to swap; to change the object of one's interest or focus; to spend or take time; to infect; to permeate something with the smell or colour of something; to move on to the next or different stage of (a plan, etc.)
to decide to; to pretend that; to make a practice of doing; to make it a rule to
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
tottering; staggering; faltering; reeling
to sink (into); to get depressed
wife; (arch.) my dear; (arch.) dear; garnish (esp. one served with sashimi); embellishment
face; visage; look; expression; honor; honour
to exchange glances; to look at each other; to postpone; to put off; to contrast; to compare