indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to leave; to exit; to leave (on a journey); to depart; to move forward; to come to; to get to
already; now; by this time; quick; early; fast
third day of the month; three days
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
demon; devil; evil spirit; -crazed person; -obsessed person; fiend
chance; opportunity; machine; aircraft; counter for aircraft; counter for (remaining) lives
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
inside; interior; among; within; middle; center; during
also; too; not ... either; (it's not possible) no matter what; although one might wish otherwise
to get used to; to grow accustomed to; to become skilled in; to become experienced at; to become tame; to become domesticated
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
level ground; horizon; field of view
I wonder; should I?; is it?; I wish that; I hope that
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to sing; to sing (one's praises in a poem, etc.); to compose a poem; to recite a poem
spare time; free time; time (e.g. time it takes to do something); time off; day off; quitting (one's job); firing someone
so; therefore; accordingly; like I said; I told you already
something; some; somehow; for some reason; (is there) something (you want, etc.)
to talk; to speak; to tell; to explain; to speak (a language)
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
such ... as; or some such
but; however; (and) yet; nevertheless; still; for all that
by no means; never!; something unexpected; emergency; (arch.) currently; (arch.) for the time being
to pause; to have a short intermission
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to resound; to be heard far away; to reverberate; to shake; to come (home); to remain (with someone)
indicates word or phrase being defined; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); with; (not) as much as; (not) so much as; the fact that
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
song; singing; classical Japanese poem (esp. tanka); modern poetry
skillful; skilful; delicious; appetizing; fortunate; splendid
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
to hear; to listen (e.g. to music); to ask; to enquire; to hear about; to hear of; to follow (advice, order, etc.)
feeling; sensation; mood; sensation of doing
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
interval; step; pitch; key
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as