large country; major nation; great power; province of the highest rank (ritsuryo system)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
black; black go stone; guilt; guilty person
god of death; death deity; Death
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
another name; nickname; alias; synonym (taxonomy)
to take; to pick up; to pass; to hand; to get; to obtain; to adopt (a method, proposal, etc.)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
merciless; ruthless; pitiless; unfeeling
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
disagreeable; detestable; unpleasant; reluctant
slowly (but steadily); gradually; irritatedly; impatiently; scorchingly (of the sun); sizzling (i.e. sound of frying in oil); sound of a warning bell, alarm clock, etc.
retreat; falling back; recession; waning; backspace (key)
how much; something over; and something; however (much); no matter how
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
companion; partner; other party; addressee; opponent (sports, etc.)
seems; I think; I guess; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
to hand over; to transfer; to give up (e.g. one's seat); to give way; to yield; to concede
haughty; arrogant; pompous; self-important
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
just a minute; small quantity
manners; behavior; behaviour
bad; poor; poor (quality); inferior; evil; sinful; ugly
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
while; during; while; although; all; both
pout; displeasure; ill humor; ill humour; sullenness
face; visage; look; expression; honor; honour
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
to be peevish; to sulk; to pout
seeming to be; appearing to be; like; similar to; in order to (e.g. meet goal); so that
small quantity; little; little while; short distance
to be amazed; to be shocked; to be astonished; to be astounded; to be disgusted; to be exasperated