indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
magic; witchcraft; sorcery; spell
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
the Dragon (fifth sign of the Chinese zodiac); hour of the Dragon (around 8am, 7-9am, or 8-10am); east-southeast; third month of the lunar calendar
but; however; (and) yet; nevertheless; still; for all that
good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
language; dialect; word; phrase; speech; (manner of) speaking
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
and; and then; thus; and now; and finally
sword (esp. a large, double-edged one); blade; bayonet; swordsmanship; stinger; ovipositor
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
black; black go stone; guilt; guilty person
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
older brother; elder brother
white; innocence; innocent person; blank space; white go stone; white dragon tile; skewered grilled pig intestine
like; similar to; (I) think (that); (I) have a feeling (that); feels like; feels similar to
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
stage (theatre, theater); scene or setting (e.g. of novel, play, etc.)
festival; feast; harassment by an Internet pitchfork mob; online shaming; galore (as in "goals galore"); frenzy
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
to try to ...; to be about to do ...; to decide to ...; to take as; to treat as; to use for; to suppose that (such) is the case
prince; subordinate Kumano shrine
foreign country; other country; another province; strange land; alien land
one's line of sight; one's gaze; one's eyes (looking); glance; gaze; look
such things as ...; and ... and; the minute (that) ...; no sooner than ...; be; is; o