jpdb beta

ground; earth; the solid earth; the (vast) land

2

indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)

139

abundant; plentiful; rich; wealthy; open (mind); relaxed

1

at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for

114

to bear fruit; to ripen

1

to be moist; to be damp; to profit by; to receive benefits; to become rich; to become at ease financially

1

animals

1

to be imminent; to loom; to be approaching; to be impending

1

cold (e.g. weather); uninteresting (esp. joke); lame; dull

1

to furnish with; to equip with; to prepare for; to make preparations for; to possess (all that is needed); to be endowed with

1

good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result

16

manure; night soil; dung; fertiliser; fertilizer

1

people; men and women; each person; everybody

5

too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as

41

indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question

232

blessing; grace

1

thanks; gratitude

1

season; time of year

1

kingdom; monarchy

10

to visit; to call on; to arrive (season, time, situation, etc.); to come; (arch.) to make a sound; (arch.) to send a letter

1

castle town; city in Japan that developed around the castle of a feudal lord

12

indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis

180

abundant (grain) crop; good harvest

2

festival; feast; harassment by an Internet pitchfork mob; online shaming; galore (as in "goals galore"); frenzy

4

indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.

160

approximately; about; promise; appointment; shortening; reduction

1

two weeks; fortnight

2

after

1

to be temperate in; to refrain; to make notes; to jot down (e.g. phone number); to be in preparation for; to be in waiting for

3

to be crowded with people; to be bustling with; to prosper; to flourish; to do thriving business

2

everyone; everybody; all; everything; all

2

smiling face; smile

5

at; in; at; when; by; with; and then

46

preparation; arrangements; getting ready; provision; setup; reserving

2

to advance; to move forward; to carry forward (plans, work, etc.); to proceed with; to raise; to elevate

3

that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...

23

(not) ever; (not) by any means; (not) in the least; (not) in any way; (not) at all

1

to look forward to something

1

only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to

7

is not; am not; are not

5

continent; continental Asia (esp. mainland China); continental Europe

2

northern part; the north (of a region)

1

place; situation; position; location

1

surrounding countries; neighboring countries; neighbouring countries

1

from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)

25

sorrow; grief; anguish; trouble; affliction; anxiety

2

large country; major nation; great power; province of the highest rank (ritsuryo system)

3

if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question

67

to call out (to); to call; to summon (a doctor, etc.); to invite; to designate; to name; to garner (support, etc.)

8

country; territory; domain; realm

1