the New Year begins; the New Year starts
Eiroku era (1558.2.28-1570.4.23)
year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
New Year (esp. first three days); first month of the year; January
East Asian age reckoning; traditional system of age reckoning whereby newborns are considered one year old and on New Year's Day one year is added to everyone's age
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
younger brother; little brother; brother-in-law (spouse's younger brother or younger sister's husband); (arch.) pupil; (arch.) apprentice
together with; as X, then Y (e.g. as we age we gain wisdom, as wine matures it becomes more valuable, etc.)
hesitation; indecision; vacillation; azalea (Rhododendron spp.)
counter for the ichi-ni-san counting system (usu. directly preceding the item being counted); noun read using its on-yomi; counter for articles; indicates possessive (esp. in place names)
small peninsula; cape; promontory; headland
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to deify; to enshrine; to pray; to worship
Mr; Mrs; clan; he; him; counter for people
greatest treasure; most valuable asset; pride (of)
honorific/polite/humble prefix; honorific suffix
flag; banner (administrative division of Inner Mongolia)
shield; buckler; escutcheon; pretext
nothing; naught; nought; un-; non-
male coming-of-age-ceremony; shaving one's eyebrows, blackening one's teeth, and wearing one's hair in the marumage style (of a newly married woman; Edo period)
ceremony; matter; affair; with regard to; as for
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to receive; to get; to catch (e.g. a ball); to be struck by (wind, waves, sunlight, etc.); to sustain (damage); to incur (a loss); to undergo (e.g. surgery)
in so doing; when you do so; in this regard; on this occasion; some time during that period
house; residence; family; household; lineage; family name
(present) head of a family
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
mouth; opening; hole; mouth (of a bottle); spout; gate; door
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
end; conclusion; last; final; no sooner than; once
to die out; to peter out; to become extinct; to cease; to be stopped; to be discontinued
mother's side of family; maternal (grandfather, uncle, etc.)
head of family; originator
family name; professional name
to succeed (a person, to a position, etc.); to inherit; to patch (clothes); to mend; to add (e.g. charcoal to the fire); to replenish with
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work