indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
eye; eyeball; eyesight; sight; look; stare; notice
indeed; really; very; extremely; absolutely; certainly
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
uncle; old man; mister; manybar goatfish (Parupeneus multifasciatus)
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
young lady of noble birth; princess (esp. in Western contexts, tales, etc.); girl; small; cute; (arch.) prostitute
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to stand; to rise; to find oneself (e.g. in a difficult position); to depart (on a plane, train, etc.)
dazzling; glaring; dazzlingly beautiful
only; merely; approximately; about; just (finished, etc.); as if to; (as though) about to
beautiful face; beautiful looks; beauty; belle; handsome man
circumference; girth; surroundings; neighbourhood; people surrounding oneself; surrounding circumstances
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to look around; to survey
Middle Ages (in Japan esp. the Kamakura and Muromachi periods); medieval times; mediaeval times
honorific/polite/humble prefix
such ... as; or some such
state; state of affairs; appearance; look; sign; indication
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
samurai on horseback; (medieval) knight
denotes uncertainty; such things as A and B; A and B and so on; A and B and the like
person; someone; human beings; mankind; human (Homo sapiens); (other) people; others
amount necessary to fill a container (e.g. cupful, spoonful, etc.); drink (usu. alcoholic); full; one squid, octopus, crab, etc.; one boat; fully; to capacity
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
oh!; good heavens!; ugh!; oh no!; ah!; the penny drops!
hero; the brave; man of valour (valor)
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
nicely; properly; frequently; often; I'm glad that you ...; thank you for ...
adds force or indicates command
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to respond; to answer; to meet (e.g. demands, expectations); to affect; to take a toll; to strike home
to come along; to come around; to turn up; to arrive at the present; to get where one is; to have been doing something (for a period of time)
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
yes; indeed; ha!; what?; huh?; sigh