why?; what for?; how?; by what means?
prince; subordinate Kumano shrine
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
luxury; extravagance; to live in luxury; to indulge oneself; lavish (use of something); abundant
(doing) as one pleases; to one's heart's content; letting (something) go unchecked; leaving uncontrolled; leaving (something) to take its own course
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
pregnancy; conception; gestation
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
detection (of a plot, fraud, etc.); discovery; coming to light; being uncovered
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
Mr.; Mrs.; makes a word more polite (usu. in fixed expressions); state; situation
(some) more; even more; longer; further
to be delighted; to be glad; to congratulate; to gratefully accept
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
although; despite; whereas; while; if only; I wish
is that so? (generally rhetorical)
single word; a few words; brief comment
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
attitude; manner; behaviour; attitude (towards an issue, etc.); position; stance
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
until now; so far; up to the present
to change; to be transformed; to move to; to be different; to be uncommon
and the like; such as; or something; something like; I hear that ...; people say that...
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
female; woman; female sex; female lover; girlfriend; mistress
in front (of); before (e.g. a building); before; earlier; (the) front; frontal part; forward
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
sticky; thickly (e.g. painted); heavily (applied); all over (pasting, stamping, etc.); clinging (e.g. of a person); following around
and yet; though; when; in spite of
everyone; anyone; no one; nobody
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
request; favour (to ask); wish; please
big; large; loud; extensive; spacious; important
to buy; to purchase; to value; to have a high opinion; to stir; to provoke
to receive; to take; to get somebody to do something; to have in one's pocket (a fight, match); to contract (a disease); to catch