you; buddy; monarch; ruler; he; she
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to forget something ever existed; to pretend something didn't happen; to put something behind one; to forgive (something)
wanted; wished for; in need of; I want (you) to
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
graduation ceremony; commencement
easy; trifling; harmless; nothing of the sort; not at all
inside; within; while (e.g. one is young); during; among; amongst; in (secret, chaos, poverty, etc.)
garden; yard; courtyard; field (of action); area
opposite side; bottom; rear; back; lining; inside; in the shadows
agricultural community; farm village; rural
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
horizontal (as opposed to vertical); lying down; side-to-side (as opposed to front-to-back); width; side (of a box, etc.); beside
to be broken; to break; to fall through; to come to nothing
agricultural machinery and equipment
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to roll; to tumble; to fall over; to roll over; to lie down; to be scattered about; to be lying around
place; location; room; space; basho; wrestling tournament
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
breaking off an engagement
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
to grow up; to become an adult
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
childhood friend; friend from infancy; old playmate
in that way; thus; so; so?
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
awareness of things around one; ability to understand what is going on around oneself; judgment; judgement; discretion
to be attached; to be connected with; to remain imprinted; to scar; to bear (fruit, interest, etc.); to be acquired (of a habit, ability, etc.); to increase (of strength, etc.)
(approximate) time; around; suitable time (or condition); time of year; season
daughter; girl (i.e. a young, unmarried woman)
work; labor; achievement; performance; salary; income
to serve (in a bowl, on a plate, etc.); to dish out; to pile up; to heap up; to administer (medicine, poison); to dose out; to put into (e.g. information in a report, meaning in a statement)
wife; bride; (one's) daughter-in-law
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
over-fond parent; doting parent
father; dad; husband; you; he