indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
tower; steeple; spire; stupa; pagoda; dagoba
fortress; stronghold; citadel
town; city; municipal; urban
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
the south; southward; southern direction; countries in the south (esp. Southeast Asia and the pre-WWII South Pacific Mandate)
kilo-; 1000; kilogram; kilogramme; kilometre; kilometer
spot; point; place; position
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
place; position; location; position; standing; status
in front (of); before (e.g. a building); before; earlier; (the) front; frontal part; forward
suddenly; all of a sudden; unexpectedly
dungeon; dungeon (in an RPG or video game); (underground) labyrinth
to change (into); to turn (into); to transform (into); to influence
still; as yet; (not) yet; more; (more) still; at least
travelling (a long and difficult journey) on foot; walking (all the way) across; travelling through; travelling all over (e.g. a country); visiting all the major locations (of a region, etc.)
person; -er; (arch.) expert; (arch.) geisha; (arch.) prostitute
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have ...-ed; to be ...-ed
previous generation (of a family); previous head of the family; predecessor; previous age; previous generation
hero; the brave; man of valour (valor)
large; big; great; prominent; -sized; as big as; university
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
arms; weapons (of war); armor; armour
large number (of); many; majority
to put (into); to put away (in); to include (in an anthology, catalogue, etc.); to contain; to achieve (results, success, etc.); to obtain; to accept (a gift or money)
to descend (e.g. a mountain); to go down; to alight (e.g. from bus); to get off; to step down; to retire; to be granted
one part; one portion; one section; one copy (of a book); (one) complete set (of books)
wildly enthusiastic; crazy (about something)
fan; enthusiast; lover (of); (electric) fan
sacred place; holy ground; the Holy Land; real-life location used as a setting in a novel, film, anime, etc.
treatment; service; handling (of a machine, tool, etc.); operation; treating as; treating like
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
spot; dot; place; location; (airport) apron; spot advertisement; spot advertising
seeming ...; appearing ...; -ish; like a ...; typical of ...
now; the present time; just now; another; more
coach (horse-drawn); carriage; wagon; cart
at; in; at; when; by; with; so