summer vacation; summer holiday
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
inside; interior; among; within; middle; center; during
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
number one; first; best; most; game; round
excitement; stimulation; agitation; arousal
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
ceremony held at the end of a school term; end-of-term ceremony
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to end; to come to an end; to close; to finish
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
period of time; time slot; time zone
inside one's heart; in one's mind
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
school education; formal education
how much; how many; however (much); no matter how; what matters is ...; it all comes down to ...
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
-like; sort of; similar to; resembling
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to rampage; to run wild; to go berserk; to be violent (waves, wind, etc.); to be rough
terrible; dreadful; terrifying; surprising; startling; tremendous
extent; degree; limit; bounds; (span of) time; (a) distance; the state of
feeling; sensation; emotion; interjection
to attack; to assail; to succeed (someone in a post, role, etc.); to make a sudden visit
next (e.g. "next April"); forthcoming; coming; to come; to arrive; to be due to
extended leave; long vacation
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
to fill; to become full (of); to wax (of the moon); to rise (of the tide); to flow; to expire (of a period of time)
result; consequence; coming to fruition; bearing fruit; as a result; consequently
just (e.g. "just wait here"); come now; tolerably; passably; well...; I think...
actually; really; truly; in practice; practically
to begin; to start; to happen (again); to begin (anew); to date (from); to originate (in)
hot; warm; passionate; impassioned; on everybody's mind; on the radar
to stay indoors; to be confined indoors
every day; daily; day after day; days (e.g. good old days)
to pass (time); to spend; to overdo (esp. of one's alcohol consumption); to drink (alcohol); (arch.) to take care of; (arch.) to support
inside; within; while (e.g. one is young); during; among; amongst; in (secret, chaos, poverty, etc.)
homework; assignment; pending issue; unresolved problem; open question