indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
before one's eyes; in front of one; under one's nose; immediate; imminent; around the corner
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
luggage; baggage; burden; payload (of a packet, cell, etc.)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
dumbfounded; overcome with surprise; in blank amazement; in a daze
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to look up at; to raise one's eyes; to look up to; to admire; to respect
by all rights; properly speaking; legally speaking
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
inside; interior; among; within; middle; center; during
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
should; must; -able; probably; likely
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to carry; to transport; to come; to go; to wield (a tool, etc.); to use
wrong; not good; hopeless; past hope; must not do
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
how; in what way; how about
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
trader; dealer; businessperson; fellow trader; people in the same trade
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
this way; this direction; here; this (one); I; me
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
that's the way it is; such is life
it is not (like that) either
to flatly refuse; to reject; to spurn
conclusion from reasoning, judgement or calculation based on something read or heard; reason; cause; meaning; circumstances; situation
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
member; participant; attendee; lineup (sport)
to turn one's head; to look over one's shoulder; to turn around; to think back (on); to reminisce; to look back (on)
everyone; everybody; all; everything; all
uniform; equal; even; common; ordinary; usual
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
endorsing and questioning the preceding statement; lamenting reflections on the preceding statement