country; state; region; national government; central government; home (i.e. hometown, home country); (arch.) province (of Japan)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to sink; to go under; to go down (e.g. sun); to set; to feel depressed; to become subdued
two persons; two people; pair; couple
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
little girl; maiden; young lady; (arch.) female between 17 and 20 years old (ritsuryo period)
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
one; 1; best; first; foremost; beginning; start
approximately; about; to (about) the extent that; (almost) enough that; as ... as ...; like
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
be considered; be deemed; be thought to be
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
extent; degree; limit; bounds; (span of) time; (a) distance; the state of
to be conspicuous; to stand out
(physical) appearance (of a person); one's face and figure
such ... as; or some such
feeling; sense; impression
small quantity; little; little while; short distance
in front (of); before (e.g. a building); before; earlier; (the) front; frontal part; forward
person; someone; human beings; mankind; human (Homo sapiens); (other) people; others
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to lose (through death) (e.g. wife, child)
on one hand; on the other hand
male help; male labor; man's handwriting; (arch.) kanji
one; for one thing; only; (not) even; just (e.g. "just try it"); some kind of; one type of
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to raise; to rear; to train; to teach; to promote the growth of; to nurture
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
future (usually near); prospects
to make a joint vow; to swear together; to pledge
childhood friend; friend from infancy; old playmate
death; decease; (arch.) death penalty (by strangulation or decapitation); (an) out
with my own (two) eyes; with these very eyes
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
it does not mean that ...; I don't mean that ...; it is not the case that...
to hear; to listen (e.g. to music); to ask; to enquire; to hear about; to hear of; to follow (advice, order, etc.)
talk; speech; topic; subject; discussions; negotiation; rumor
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
to roll up; to enfold; to swallow up; to involve; to drag into