restoration; reinstatement
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
calm; quiet; gentle; moderate; reasonable; amicable
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
tedious; boring; dull; to feel bored; to get bored (with); to get tired (of)
daily; everyday; days (e.g. of one's youth); every day; day after day
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to spend (time); to pass; to overdo (esp. alcohol consumption); to drink (alcohol); to take care of; to support
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
to be separated; to be apart; to leave; to go away; to leave (a job, etc.); to quit
inside; interior; among; within; middle; center; during
a little; a bit; a little while; a short time; a little way; a short distance
lonely (e.g. person, feeling); lonesome; desolate; deserted; sad; lacking
to feel; to sense; to be moved (by); to be touched (by); to become infected with (an illness); to catch
(approximate) time; around; suitable time (or condition); time of year; season
call; summons; call; invocation; usher who calls the names of wrestlers, sweeps the ring, etc.; telephone number at which a person without a telephone can be reached; (arch.) box-shaped area containing clean water for rinsing oneself (in an Edo-period bathhouse)
to receive; to get; to catch (e.g. a ball); to be struck by (wind, waves, sunlight, etc.); to sustain (damage); to incur (a loss); to undergo (e.g. surgery)
a long time (since the last time); first in a long time; it's been a long time; long time no see
inside of a castle; area surrounded by castle walls
dear (old); fondly remembered; beloved; missed; nostalgic
to look at; to gaze at; to look out over; to get a view of; to look on (from the sidelines); to stand by and watch
while; during; while; although; all; both
guidance; leading (the way); information; notice; announcement (of a visitor's arrival); informing (someone) of a visitor's arrival
queen (consort); empress (consort)
office (e.g. the Oval Office)
in front (of); before (e.g. a building); before; earlier; (the) front; frontal part; forward
to stop walking; to pause
discourtesy; impoliteness; excuse me; goodbye; to leave; to be rude
Mr; Mrs; makes a word more polite (usu. in fixed expressions); state; situation
voice; singing (of a bird); chirping (of an insect); voice; opinion (as expressed in words); sound; sense (of something's arrival)
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
both (hands, parents, sides, etc.); counter for carriages (e.g. in a train); counter for vehicles; ryō; tael; ryō; pre-Meiji unit of currency, orig. the value of one ryō of gold
door; gate; opening; title page
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to open; to undo; to bloom; to unfold; to open (for business, e.g. in the morning); to be wide (gap, etc.); to widen
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have ...-ed; to be ...-ed
this way; this direction; here; this (one); I; me
one's line of sight; one's gaze; one's eyes (looking); glance; gaze; look