restoration; reinstatement
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
calm; quiet; gentle; moderate; reasonable; amicable
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
tedium; boredom; dullness; to feel bored; to get bored with; to get tired of
every day; daily; day after day; days (e.g. good old days)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to pass (time); to spend; to overdo (esp. of one's alcohol consumption); to drink (alcohol); (arch.) to take care of; (arch.) to support
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to be separated; to be apart; to leave; to go away; to leave (a job, etc.); to quit
inside; interior; among; within; middle; center; during
small quantity; little; little while; short distance
lonely; lonesome; solitary; desolate
to feel; to sense; to experience
(approximate) time; around; suitable time (or condition); time of year; season
call; summons; usher who calls the names of wrestlers, sweeps the ring, etc.; telephone number at which a person without a telephone can be reached; (arch.) box-shaped area containing clean water for rinsing oneself (in an Edo-period bathhouse); (arch.) high-ranking prostitute in the Yoshiwara district (Edo period); (arch.) unlicensed prostitute in the Fukagawa red-light district (Edo period)
to receive; to get; to catch (e.g. a ball); to be struck by (wind, waves, sunlight, etc.); to sustain (damage); to incur (a loss); to undergo (e.g. surgery)
a long time (since the last time); first in a long time
inside of a castle; area surrounded by castle walls
dear (old); fondly-remembered; beloved; missed; nostalgic
to look at; to gaze at; to look out over; to get a view of; to look on (from the sidelines); to stand by and watch
while; during; while; although; all; both
guidance; leading (the way); information; notice; announcement (of one's arrival); invitation
office (e.g. the Oval Office)
in front (of); before (e.g. a building); before; earlier; (the) front; frontal part; forward
to stop walking; to pause
discourtesy; impoliteness; excuse me; goodbye; to leave; to be rude
Mr.; Mrs.; makes a word more polite (usu. in fixed expressions); state; situation
voice; singing (of a bird); chirping (of an insect); voice; opinion (as expressed in words); sound; sense (of something's arrival)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
both (hands, parents, sides, etc.); counter for carriages (e.g. in a train); counter for vehicles; ryō; tael; ryō; pre-Meiji unit of currency, orig. the value of one ryō of gold
door; gate; opening; title page
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to open; to undo; to bloom; to unfold; to open (for business, e.g. in the morning); to be wide (gap, etc.); to widen
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
this way; this direction; here; this (one); I; me
one's line of sight; one's gaze; one's eyes (looking); glance; gaze; look