recently; lately; these days; nearest; closest
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to mind; to care about; to be an issue; to matter; to keep company; to care for; to interfere with
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
in one's own way or style
to manage something successfully; to be successful
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
originally; by nature; from the start
childhood friend; friend from infancy; old playmate
-like; sort of; similar to; resembling
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
and; besides; because; since; the thing is; for one thing
in front (of); before (e.g. a building); before; earlier; (the) front; frontal part; forward
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
two persons; two people; pair; couple
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
nicely; properly; frequently; often; I'm glad that you ...; thank you for ...
various; all sorts of; variety of; (arch.) various colors (colours)
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to unite; to join; to do together; to confuse with
that being the case; because of ...; the reason is ...; given that ...
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
to some extent; to a certain extent
understanding; comprehension; appreciation; sympathy
in that way; thus; so; so?
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
but; however; (and) yet; nevertheless; still; for all that
really; truly; indeed; good grief
inner palace (reserved for women); harem; seraglio; consort of the emperor
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
private; personal life; (one's) privacy
business; task; use; purpose; for the use of ...; used for ...
dwelling; house; residence; address
as (i.e. in the role of); for (i.e. from the viewpoint of); apart from... (used to change the topic); even (e.g. "not even a single person"); thinking that...; trying to...
shrine; palace; imperial residence; Imperial prince; Imperial princess; headboard with built-in shelves, drawers, etc.