if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to be reflected; to harmonize with (harmonise); to come out (photo); to be projected; to be displayed (on a screen)
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
by myself; in person; by oneself
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
other (place, thing, person); the rest; outside; beyond; nothing except; nothing but
person; someone; human beings; mankind; human (Homo sapiens); (other) people; others
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
and; and then; thus; and now; and finally
since some time or another; since who-knows-when
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
the person in question; prominent figure; distinguished person; that person
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to search for; to look for; to hunt for; to search (a house, pocket, etc.); to search through; to rummage in (e.g. a drawer)
bubble; foam; froth; head on beer
to disappear; to vanish; to go out (of a fire, light, etc.); to die; to fade (of a feeling, impression, etc.); to vanish (e.g. of hope); to go away (e.g. of a smell, itchiness, sleepiness)
myself; yourself; I; me; you
to project; to reflect; to cast (shadow)
(not) ever; (not) by any means; (not) in the least; (not) in any way; (not) at all
light; well-lit; bright (of a colour); brightly-coloured; cheerful; bright; encouraging (for the future of a project, etc.)
even; flat; level; calm; peaceful; uneventful
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
north; the North; northern territories; North Korea; (arch.) north wind
three sides; small offering stand
strong nation; powerful country
to surround; to encircle; to besiege; to lay siege to; to play (go, shogi, etc.)
low (rank, degree, value, content, quality, etc.); low (position); close to the ground; short (height); deep (voice); in a low key
plot of land; lot; soil; locality; region; place
water damage; flood disaster
to afflict; to torment; to harass; to molest
aggression; invasion; raid
to continue; to keep up; to keep on
windmill; wind turbine; pinwheel (toy); windmill (toy); Clematis patens (species of climbing plant)
by means of; due to; because of; according to
river management; river improvement; flood control